Genetic Predispositions for Major Depressive Disorder

Abstract

Background: Mental disorders gained more and more significance over the last few decades. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) belong to the affective disorders, which includes low mood, anhedonia, and fatigue as main symptoms. Other possible symptoms can also include insomnia, loss of appetite, reduced concentration, low self-esteem and, in severe cases MDD, it can lead to suicide. The aetiology of MDD is mostly unknown, but it is a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Methods: In this literature review, I summarized articles out of the databases PubMed and ELSEVIER published between the 1st of January 2019 and the 28th of February 2021 concerning genetic predispositions associating with MDD. I have also set criteria for exclusion, such as containing a small sample size, animal studies, the main focus on other mental disorders, possible drug targets or treatment response. Results: Out of 245 papers, 22 were summarized as they pervade all the required criteria. The recapped genetic predispositions included DNA modifications, single nucleotide polymorphisms, and a gene, that could be associated with MDD. The functions range from vesicle transport, receptors of signal transduction in various tissues, to possible influences on emotional and behavioural features. Conclusion: The results suggest that many different genes influence the development of MDD. Studies on genetic predispositions for mental disorders improve the probability of getting MDD, possible remission and recurrence, treatment response, and drug targets.

Datum der Bewilligung	2021
Originalsprache	Englisch
Gradverleihende Hochschule	Medizinische Universität Graz
Betreuer/-in	Susanne Bengesser (Betreuer*in)